Gamma radiation in improvement the production and anticancer activity of novel l-asparaginase fungal producer Fusarium incarnatum

Abstract

The Fungi have a great ability to produce a wide range of benefit and applicable enzymes. L-asparaginase is one of them, this study concerned about new fungal producer Fusarium carnatum and the enhancement of γ-ray in the enzyme production. Experimentally, F. incarnatum without exposure to γ-ray recorded 4.33 IU/ml where that exposed to 75Gy produced 10.14 IU/ml with 2.3 fold increase. The enzyme was purified from irradiated F.  incarnatum using ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by dialysis and gel filtration by Sephadex G-100 leading to 11.58 fold purification and 7.43% yield. As anticancer drug, the enzyme dose at 10, 5 and 2.5 IU is very effective against three human tumor cell lines namely, HepG2 (Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line), MCF 7 (Breast cancinoma cell line), CACO-2 (colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line) as it reduce the survival of all tested cell lines by 90%. The fungal enzyme showed low IC₅₀ (0.87 and 0.94 U/ml) for HepG2 and MCF-7 respectively where it recorded 1.81 U/ml for CACO-2 tumor cell line. In conclusion, the low dose γ-ray irradiated F. incarnatum produce significant amount of l-asparaginase in simple and cheap solid state fermentation with promising anticancer activity.